About AJR
The monthly American Journal of Roentgenology (AJR) is a highly respected peer-reviewed journal with a worldwide circulation of close to 25,000. For more than 100 years the AJR has been recognized as one of the most respected specialty journals in the world. AJR is published by the American Roentgen Ray Society, which was founded in 1900 as the first radiology society in the United States. The society has been a forum for progress in radiology since shortly after the discovery of the x-ray and is dedicated to the goal of the advancement of medicine through the science of radiology and its allied sciences.
Annual subscription to AJR is included in society membership. Web and mobile application access is an exclusive member benefit. For membership information and a full list of member benefits visit www.arrs.org.
Copyright © by American Roentgen Ray Society, all rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed, either in print or electronically, without permission.
Print ISSN: 0361-803X
Online ISSN: 1546-3141
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AJR Editorial Board
Editor in Chief
Thomas H. Berquist
Editors Emeriti
Robert N. Berk
Lee F. Rogers
Robert J. Stanley
Section Editors
Cardiopulmonary Imaging
Patrick M. Colletti
Assistant Editors
Joel E. Fishman, Thomas C. Gerber, Jin Mo Goo (Asia), Loren H. Ketai, Yasuyuki Kurihara, U. Joseph Schoepf, Jabi E. Shriki, Srini Tridandapani
Gastrointestinal Imaging
Perry J. Pickhardt
Assistant Editors
Anne Covey, Cesare Hassan, Shahid M. Hussain, Mark E. Lockhart, Seong Ho Park, Benjamin M. Yeh
Genitourinary Imaging
Mukesh G. Harisinghani
Assistant Editors
Jurgen J. Futterer (Europe), Elizabeth Hecht, Pari V. Pandharipande, Arumugam Rajesh, Andrew B. Rosenkrantz
Health Care Policy and Quality
Howard P. Forman
Assistant Editor
Christoph I. Lee, Vijay M. Rao
Medical Physics and Informatics
E. Russell Ritenour
Assistant Editors
Richard L. Morin, Kent M. Ogden, Daniel E. Wessell
Musculoskeletal Imaging
Donna G. Blankenbaker
Assistant Editors
Jenny T. Bencardino, Christine Chung, Jon A. Jacobson, Thomas M. Link, Mark D. Murphey, Wilfred C.G. Peh (Asia), Philip Robinson (Europe), Michael J. Tuite
Neuroradiology/Head and Neck Imaging
James M. Provenzale
Assistant Editors
Deborah A. Baumgarten, Lotfi Hacein-Bey, Bruno Soares, Max Wintermark
Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
Rathan M. Subramaniam
Assistant Editors
Hossein Jadvar, Akiva Mintz
Pediatric Imaging
Edward Y. Lee
Assistant Editors
Nadja Kadom, Douglas S. Katz, Hee Kyung Kim, Mark C. Liszewski, Cindy Miller, Grace Phillips
Vascular and Interventional Radiology
John A. Kaufman
Assistant Editors
Thomas B. Kinney, Sharon W. Kwan, Mehran Midia, Wael Saad, Bien-Soo Tan
Women’s Imaging
Marcia C. Javitt
Assistant Editors
Hiroyuki Abe, Rachel F. Brem, Stamatia Destounis, Ellen B. Mendelson, Cecilia L. Mercado, Benoit Mesurolle, Mary S. Newell, Francesco Sardanelli (Europe), Wei Tse Yang
Special Consulting Editors
Best Practices
Christoph I. Lee
Pari V. Pandharipande
Medicolegal
Leonard Berlin
CME
Michelle Barr
Claire Bender
Richard Benedikt
Joe Budovec
Brett W. Carter
Tessa Cook
Kirkland Davis
Shauna Duigenan
Mai Elezaby
Sarah Erickson
Chad Fleming
Don Flemming
Jonathan Flug
Matthew Frick
Douglas S. Katz
Huong (Carissa) Le Petross
Cindy Miller
Tanya Moseley
Miriam Moshiri
Linda Moy
Mary Newell
Elsie Nguyen
Douglas Phillips
Colin Poon
Edward Quigley
Miriam Romero
Chris Straus
Neil Vachhani
Michael Vannier